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Show Boat Notes


                        Music by Jerome Kern 1927
                        Book  by Edna Ferber  1926

 

    Edna Ferber 1887-1968

 

n      Won the Pulitzer Prize for her novel After so Big in 1924

n      Ferber’s characters are often in conflict with their traditions and new, more dynamic trends..

n      Her works reflect the turmoil of the 20’s and 30’s

Show Boat is better understood within the context of when it was written..

…rather than it’s period setting!

Kern 1885-1945: studied music in both the USA and Europe

This may explain Show boat’s suggestion of the operetta..

In 1912 he produced his first musical: The Red Petticoat

Show Boat based on the novel by Edna Ferber

It is considered to be the first ‘Musical’.

A musical play with a serious plot from a literary source.

Kern’s music is noted for its unmistakably American quality

..In Show Boat he draws upon the Negro Spiritual as a source of inspiration..

Show Boat is purely American..

Combining American Cultural elements…

These elements include:

n      Racial/political/social themes exclusive to the Southern States of America

n      Black musical forms

n      A multi racial cast.

n      It is a celebration of the Minstrel Tradition

Show Boat was produced by Florenz Ziegfeld 1869-1932

The legendry producer of the Ziegfeld Follies based on Folies-Bergere of Paris.

Ziegfeld’s famous slogan for the shows was “Glorifying the American Girl”

In many respects this can be seen as an American reference to “ la belle epoch”..

 

Ziegfeld was a champion of the Black Artist

He supported Bert Williams despite the fact that white performers had on occasion refused to work with him…

Ziegfeld encouraged Paul Robeson

…and took the the chance of alienating his white audience…

Show Boat can be seen in terms of the ‘Harlem Renaissance’

Paul Robeson’s role in the production can be considered as significant for the black artist as an individual and Show Boat’s racial theme as significant for Blacks in general.

Show Boat was a major departure from Ziegfeld’s Follies..

..with its mixture of  semi-nudity, pageantry and comedy.

However as the 1917 tableau: ‘Columbia Stands by the President’

suggests political comment is possible even in light entertainment.

The Follies were closer to vaudeville than musical theatre.

…Ziegfeld risked his money and reputation on Show Boat!

Show Boat in this respect may be seen as an example of ‘artistic belief’…

…a political, social and cultural statement!

Paul Robeson  1898-1976

n      Son of a former slave

n      All-American football player, he rejected a career as a professional athlete.

n      Obtained a law degree from Columbia University in 1923

n      Met Eugene O’Neill when he joined the Provincetown Players, a New York theatre Group

1924: Emperor Jones

1925: Gives his first recital of Negro Spirituals in Greenwich Village

Robeson was the original choice for the part of ‘Joe’ in Show Boat…..

However he was not of the original cast…Jules Bledsoe played ‘Joe’

He opened in London…In 1928

Other famous roles include:Othello

The 1943 production still holds the Broadway all time record run for a Shakespearean production..

Robeson became a political activist

Ole’man river…became his signature tune and a metaphor for the struggle for civil rights..

He published his autobiography Here I Stand in 1958

Oscar Hammerstein

..became the lyricist for Rogers & Hammerstein’s famous partnership!

 

Some examples of how Show Boat may be viewed:

n      From a historical perspective, for example as a landmark for the Musical Theatre

n      From a cultural perspective, for example how and why Americans adapted the operetta to make a new form.

n      From a ‘social’ multi-cultural perspective, for example in its literary and musical themes.

 

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