Every martial artist would like to know how
and what made Bruce Lee such a devastating fighter. Even though a lot of people
associated with Bruce Lee or many claimed to have trained him or trained with
him, I can safely say that not many of them were privileged to his secret
training method.
Bruce and I grew up together. We were friends since we were young boys. It
was I who introduced Bruce Lee to Wing Chun School in the summer of 1954. In the
old days, the master would never teach the new students. It was up to the senior
students to pass on the Wing Chun lessons to Bruce. As I was his Kung Fu Senior
of many years, I was instructed by Grandmaster Yip man to train him. By 1995,
one year into his Wing Chun training, Bruce progressed very fast, and already
became a threat to most of the Wing Chun seniors as the majority of them were
armchair martial artists. They discovered that Bruce was not a full blooded
Chinese because his mother was half German and half Chinese. The seniors got
together and put pressure on Professor Yip Man and tried to get Bruce kicked out
of the Wing Chun School. Because racism was widely practised in Martial Arts
School in Hong Kong, the art was not allowed to be taught to foreigners.
Professor Yip Man had no other choice but to bow to their pressure, but he told
Bruce that he could train with me and Sihing Wong Shun Leung. But most of the
time we trained together.
The first thing I showed Bruce was the Principles of being a good
fighter:
1. The Heart
In a confrontation, one must desire to
win;
When under pressure, one must maintain calm.
Famous quotation
from Bruce Lee:
" No matter what you want to do, don't be nervous
(you
should not let your muscles nor your mind be effected by nerves).
Just keep
calm.
No illusion and no imagination,
but to apprehend the actual
situation you are in and find a way to deal with it.
No excessive action is
needed. Just keep your body and mind relaxed
to deal with the outside
emergency."
2. The Eyes
The eyes should be able to pick up as much information
as possible prior to and during engaging the physical struggle. Watching the
elbows and the knees is essential to get the best result.
Also at no time,
should the practitioner blink or turn his head because he would give away the
most important instrument which supplies him the visual information of the
current situation.
Extract from taped Bruce Lee conversation with Danny Lee (one of his
students) in 1972:
Danny: Have you thought of Tai Chi as a form of self
defence?
Bruce: Well, if you were there ......... you would be so
embarrassed, so it is not even a free brawl .......where a man who is capable of
using his tools and who is very determined to be a savage legless attack whereas
those SOBs are cowards. Turning their heads and swinging punches and after the
second round they are out of breath. I mean they are really pathetic looking -
very amateurish. I mean even a boxer because a boxer when they concentrate on
two hands, regardless of how amateurish they are, they do their thing, whereas
those guys haven't decided what the hell they are going to use. I mean before
they contact each other they do all the fancy stances and all the fancy
movements, but the minute they contact they don't know what the hell to do. I
mean that's it. They fall on their arses and they .. and hold and grapple. I
think the whole Hong Kong - they call it Gong Sao- Challenge Match in Hong Kong
- can you imagine that, I mean even those guys see it that way. What do you
think of the appreciation of people here? So what I'm hoping to do in film is
raise the level."
3. Balance
This means the practitioner should be balanced at all
times so that his mobility and stability are maximised. This also means that the
practitioner must develop conditioning so that his legs do not give up under
strenuous pressure.
Furthermore Bruce was very innovative. Back in the 50's, the Chinese Martial
Artists were very conservative. They believed that weight training would slow
down the practitioner's speed. But Bruce found a way to beat it. He would start
his program with heavy weights and low repetitions first, then he reduced the
weights and increased the repetitions. He continued to do that until his
repetitions reached maximum and the speed of the exercise also increased. In
this way he built muscles and developed power without losing speed.
One of the most important discoveries from his Wing Chun training was that
Wing Chun teaches the practitioner to train with the individual muscle or group
of muscles first, then co-ordinates the movement together by combining the
muscles to make a collective movement in order to get the most out of the
technique. Bruce had mastered this training.
The following is a subtle
pose of a seemingly simple movement but it really does condition a few essential
muscles on the arm in question. The other arm is pulled back, placed high but
not resting on the body which is very tiring, enabling the brain to think about
two arms at the same time. Hence the practitioner will be able to use both arms
independently at the same time.
Bruce was also very much against high impact
training such as the heavy bag kicking because he understood that the result
from the high impact would only develop bulk muscles and they would slow down
the practitioner's speed.
The following is the taped conversation ....Danny Lee 1972:
"Danny: Danny ( Inosanto) was excited yesterday.
Bruce: Yes, he was in my house the night before.
Danny: He didn't want us to do any more heavy bag kicking. He wanted us to
just kick at something light.
Bruce: When you use your leg it is much better - to kick at the phone pad or
whatever - watch out with the side kick on air kicking - not air kicking too
much. If you snap it too much without contact at the end you can get hurt."
And later they discussed:
Danny: I think you have to pick a few diehard followers and say
this is JKD.
Bruce: That's why I tell Dan (Inosanto) to be careful ...
.........
Danny: So that's why - I've been working with Dan (Inosanto) a
lot.
Bruce: I told him last time he's becoming very stylised. And it
seems like his consciousness is really - something is bugging him.
Danny: I think its heavy bag kicking.
Bruce: Too much heavy bag kicking and too much body twisting
has affected him.
Danny: Yes. The power and the momentum.
He's working out real hard.
I would like to conclude by saying that speed and power comes from relaxation
and co-ordination which has everything to do with mind and body balance. From
"The Bruce Lee Story" by Linda Lee and Tom Bleecker:
The following is Bruce's recollection of one of many training experiences
with Professor Yip Man:
"About four years of hard training in the art of gung fu, I began to
understand and felt the principle of gentleness - the art of neutralizing the
effect of the opponent's effort and minimizing expenditure of one's energy. All
these must be done in calmness and without striving. It sounded simple, but in
actual application it was difficult. The moment I engaged in combat with an
opponent, my mind was completely perturbed and unstable. Especially after a
series of exchanging blows and kicks, all my theory of gentleness was gone. My
only one thought left was somehow or another I must beat him and win.
My instructor Professor Yip Man, head of the Wing Chun School, would come up
to me and say, "Loong (Bruce's Chinese name), relax and calm your mind. Forget
about yourself and follow the opponent's movement. Let your mind, the basic
reality, do the counter-movement without any interfering deliberation. Above
all, learn the art of detachment."
That was it! I must relax. However, right there I had already done something
contradictory, against my will. That was when I said I must relax, the demand
for effort in "must" was already inconsistent with the effortless in "relax".
When my acute self-consciousness grew to what the psychologists called
"double-blind" type, my instructor would again approach me and say, "Loong,
preserve yourself by following the natural bends of things and don't interfere.
Remember never to assert yourself against nature: never be in frontal opposition
to any problem, but control it by swinging with it. Don't practice this week. Go
home and think about it."
