Second largest city in Macedonia is Tetovo

Tetovo (Macedonian: Тетово, Albanian: Tetovë, Turkish: Kalkandelen) is a city in the north-west Macedonia, built on the foothills of the Šar mountain (Shar mountain) and divided by the Pena river.

The city covers an area of 1,080 km² at 468 meters above sea level and with a population of approximately 200,000. It is home to two universities, the State University of Tetovo and the international South East European University.

Tetovo literally means "Teto's place" and myth has it that the town was named after the legendary hero Teto, who supposedly cleared the town of snakes.
 

HISTORY OF TETOVO

Although there may have been inhabitants in Tetovo's area as early as the Bronze Age, Tetovo was officially founded in the 14th century as a small medieval Orthodox settlement around the Sveta Bogorodica church. Tetovo grew with the building and construction of houses around the Orthodox Church. At the end of the 14th century, Tetovo, along with all of Macedonia, fell under the rule of the Ottoman Empire. As the Muslim population in Macedonia began to expand in the early Ottoman period mosques, baths, and markets began to appear as early as the 15th century. Tetovo under Ottoman tutelage became an important trade center for the local farmers and craftsmen, as well as an important military fortification. Turkish influence deeply impacted Tetovo and it was renamed Kalkandelen to reinforce the new Islamic presence. Haci Halife in the 17th century noted in his writings that Kalkandelen was expanding at an amazing rate in its lowland areas. By the 19th century, when the population of Tetovo began to increase with settlement from the surrounding villages, the French traveler Ami Bue noted that the population had reached about 4,500 people. In 1912, due to the Balkan wars, Tetovo became a Serbian city. In World War II Tetovo was jointly ruled by Italy and its regime in Albania. The Communist Party of Macedonia, was formed on March 19th 1943 in Tetovo.

MONUMENTS OF TETOVO

The Monastery of Lešok with the churches of St. Athanasius and of the Church of the Holy Virgin are only 8 kilometers away from Tetovo, by the road leading to the village of Brezno. The Church of the Holy Virgin, built in 1326, is an excellent example of Byzantine style and architectural tradition. The church has three layers of frescoes. The 1st and bottom layer is from the first time of construction, the second and middle one was added sometime in the 17th century, and the third and top layer was added in 1879. Several marble columns from the original church can still be seen in the Tetovo museum. The church of St. Athanasius was built in 1924 next to the church of the Holy Mother of God. In the yard of the Monastery of Lešok is the tomb of the Macedonian educator Kiril Pejchinovik, who was born in 1770. In his honor, this monastery hosts an International Meeting of Literary Translators. Tetovo is also a host to the Festival of Macedonian Choirs.

The best known mosque in Tetovo is the "Painted", or Aladzha Mosque which is found on the right bank of the Pena River or Shkumbim River. It was built in 1459 and known among residents of Tetovo as the Pasha Mosque. In the yard of the mosque there is an octagon-shaped turbe of Hurshida and Mensure, the two women that provided the money for the construction of the mosque. In the vicinity of Tetovo is the dervish tekke of Harabati Baba, which was established by the Bektashi Sufi order. The tekke was closed down by the communists following the end of the Second World War and in the 1980s the Macedonian government turned the tekke into an entertainment complex with a hotel, retaurant and disco. Following the desecration of several holy tombs by party-goers, the Bektashi community of Macedonia, under the leadership of Baba Tahir Emini (d. 2006), staged a sit in 1995 and have since reoccupied a considerable portion of the tekke grounds. A legal battle still rages over the true ownership of the Bektashi holy site.