Back ] Next ]            Home           Demography Index


Old Occupations


Iceman 

Idleman 

Indentured Servant 




Infirmarian 

Intelligencer 

Intendent 

Interfactor 

Iron Founder 

Iron Industry 


Iron Master 

Iron Monger 

Iron Smith 

Ivory Workers

A seller or deliverer of ice. 

A gentleman of leisure. 

One who was voluntarily or involuntarily committed to working for someone for a fixed
number of years (usually 4 to 7) in exchange for passage to America or some other
financial advantage. The lowest person on the totem pole, an indentured servant had
few, if any, rights, but people without skills or money accepted this position in order to
emigrate. After the period of work was over, the servant usually became a freeman. 

A person in charge of an infirmary. 

A spy. 

A director of a public or government business. 

A murderer. 

A person who founds or casts iron. 

Supported among others the following occupations: Brazier, Broker, Caster, Founder,
Galvaniser, Moulder, Monger, Shearer, Platemaker, Worker. 

The owner or manager of a foundry. 

A dealer in hardware made of iron. Also known as a Feroner. 

A worker in iron, a blacksmith. 

Included makers of combs, boxes, billiard balls, buttons, and keys for pianofortes. 


Jack 

Jack-Frame
Tenter


Jack-Smith 

Jagger 




Jakes-Farmer 

Japanner 


Jerquer 

Jersey Comber 


Job Coachman 

Jobber 

Jobling Gardener 

Jobmaster 

Joiner 

Jongleur 

Journeyman 


Jouster 

Joyner 

Justiciar 

[1] A young male assistant,    [2] A sailor,    [3] A lumberjack. 
 
Cotton industry worker who operated a jack-frame, used for giving a twist to the
thread. 


Maker of lifting machinery and contrivances. 

[1] Carrier, carter, pedlar or hawker of fish. 
[2] 19c. Derbyshire. A young boy in charge of 'jags' or train of trucks in coal mine. 
[3] Man in charge of pack horse carrying iron ore to be smelted. 
[4] From 1899 a uniformed messenger boy employed by a London business firm. 

A person who emptied cesspools. 

A varnisher who used lacquering process invented in Japan. Closely allied to
papier-mâché trade. 

Custom house officer who searched ships. 

Worker in woollen manufacture. (Jersey = wool which has been combed but not spun
into yarn). 

See JOBMASTER. Driver of coach hired out for long periods to nobility or gentry. 

A buyer in quantity to sell to others, a pieceworker. 

One employed on a casual basis. Also Jobbing. 

A person who supplied carriages, horses and drivers for hire. 

A craftsman who works with wood. A skilled carpenter. 

A travelling minstrel. 

A craftsman who had served an apprenticeship and was no longer bound to serve a
master. Distinguished on one side from apprentice, on the other from master. 

A female hawker of fish who usually travelled on foot for town to town. A fish monger 

See JOINER. 

The head of the royal judicial system and the king's viceroy when absent from the
country.


Kedger 

Keeker 

Keeler, Keelman

Kempster 

Kepegest

Kiddier 

Kilner 

Kisser 

Knacker 

Knappers 


Kneller 

Knight 



Knocker-Up 


Knockknobbler 

Knoller 

Knuller 

A Fisherman. 

Colliery official who checked quantity and quality of coal output. See WEIGHMAN. 

A bargeman. From keel, a flat bottomed boat. 

A woolcomber.

Innkeeper. 

[1] Skinner,    [2] Dealer in young goats. 

A limeburner, in charge of a kiln. 

Made cuishes and high armour. 

A dealer in old horses, dead animals. Harness maker, saddler. 

A worker who dressed and shaped flints into required shape and size. Major use was
flintlocks in weapons for British Army. 

A chimney sweep who solicited custom by knocking on doors. 

The retainer of a feudal lord who owes military service for his fief, usually the service of
one fully equipped, mounted warrior. The ideals to which a knight may aspire are
notably prowess, loyalty, generosity and courtesy. 

The man employed to wake up northern mill and factory workers on early shifts, going
from house to house using a long pole to knock on bedroom windows. 

A dog catcher. 

A toller of bells. 

See KNELLER. 


Lace Drawer 

Lace Master Or
Mistress 

Lace Runner 

Laceman 


Lacewoman 

Lagger 

Lagraetman 

Land Waiter 

Landsman 

Lapidary 

Lardner 

Laster 

Lath Render(er) 


Latouner

Lattener 

Launderer 

Launderess 

Lavender 

Layer 

Leavelooker 

Lederer 

Leech 

Legerdemainist 

Legger 



Leightonward 

Letter Carrier 


Licenced
Victualer 

Lighterman 


Limner 

Linener 

Liner Or Lyner 

Linkerboy Or
Man 


Li(t)ster 

Litterman 

Loadsman 

Loblolly Boy 

Lock Keeper 

Lodger 


Log Wood
Grinder 

Lokeer

Long Song
Seller 

Longshoreman 


Lorimer Or
Loriner Or
Lormer

Lotseller 

Lum Swooper 

Lumper 



Lungs

A child employed in lace work, drawing out threads. 

A person who employed workers in factories or in their homes for the production of
lace. 

A young worker who embroidered patterns on lace. 

A dealer in lace, who collected it from the makers, usually only those who had bought
his thread, and sold it in the lace markets. 

A lady's maid. 

A sailor. 

A local constable (Law-Rightman). 

A customs officer whose duty was to wait or attend on landed goods. 

A seaman on first voyage. 

A person who cuts, polishes or engraves precious stones. 

The keeper of the cupboard. 

A person who made shoes using a last, a cobbler. 

A person who puts the first coat of plaster onto laths on floor and ceiling. (a plaster's
assistant).

Worker in latten, a metal resembling brass. 

A skilled metal worker who made or worked in latten, a mixed metal resembling brass. 

A washer. 

A washerwoman, a person who washed linen. 

A washerwoman, from French laver, to wash. 

A worker in paper mill responsible for a particular stage in paper-making process. 

A person who examined food on sale at market. 

A leather maker. 

See PHYSICIAN. 

A magician. 

A canal boatman. Barges had to be legged through underground tunnels by the men
lying flat on deck and 'walking' along the roof or sides of the tunnel thus propelling the
boat along by leg power not horse power. See also HORSE MARINE. 

A gardener (leighton = a garden). 

18c. Forerunner of local postman. The Post Office appointed a large number of letter
carriers in 1722 to make house to house deliveries within a town. 

A seller of alcoholic beverages. 


A boatman who worked on a lighter, a large open flat-bottomed boat used in loading and
unloading larger sea going ships. 

An illuminator of books, painter or drawer. 

A linen draper, shirtmaker. 

A flax dresser. 

[1] A person who carried a link or torch to guide people through city streets at night for
a small fee. Had to be licensed to trade in early 19c. 
[2] Term sometimes applied to general manservant late 19c. 

A dyer of cloth.

A groom (of horses). 

A ship's pilot. 

[1] An errand boy.    [2] Surgeon's assistant on board ship (Naut). 

An overseer of canal locks.

A person who was provide with accommodation but was not supplied with meals. See
BOARDER 

Preparer of a dye made from logwood, used in textile industry.


Locksmith. 

A street seller who sold popular songsheets printed on paper about a yard long. 


[1] A landsman employed to load and unload ships, a Stevedore. 
[2] A fisherman who fishes from or along the shore. 

See also Spurrier. [1] Made spits, bridles, and other metal parts for the harness of
horses. 
[2] Maker of small ironware.    [3] Worker in wrought iron. 

A street seller. 

A chimney sweep. 

[1] Dock labourer who discharged cargo of timber. Employed by a Master Lumper, not
the Dock Company. 
[2] Fine-grain saltmaker, from practice of moulding salt into lumps. 

An alchemist's servant whose duty was to fan the fire.


Top Of Page